It is important to differentiate between means and results goals in sport because they have different implications for athlete performance and training planning.
Means objectives
These relate to the actions and processes necessary to achieve a larger goal.
For example, a means goal might be to train regularly and consistently to improve your fitness and technique.
Means objectives are generally under the direct control of the athlete.
Results objectives
As for them, they are linked to final results such as scores, rankings or medals.
For example, an outcome goal might be to win a competition or break a personal best. Result goals are often out of the athlete’s direct control as they depend on many external factors such as opponent performance, weather conditions, etc.
By focusing too much on outcome goals, athletes can become obsessed with winning and lose sight of the actions needed to get there. This can increase pressure, stress and anxiety, which can negatively impact performance. In contrast, by focusing on means goals, athletes can focus on the processes necessary to achieve success and consistently improve their performance.
Conclusion
By differentiating means and results goals in sport, athletes can better understand what it takes to succeed, avoid excessive stress, and maintain constant motivation to improve.
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